Transaction Script

Enterprise Architecture

POEAA(Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture)中的Transaction Script是一種軟體設計模式,其主要特點是透過將每個業務交易與一個腳本(script)相關聯,來組織應用程式的業務邏輯。在這個模式中,每個交易通常被實現為一個獨立的程式或方法,負責處理該特定交易的邏輯。

Transaction Script 主要特點:

每個交易都有對應的腳本: 每個業務交易都有自己的腳本或類別,其中包含執行該交易所需的邏輯。腳本的目的是將每個交易的邏輯保持在一個地方,以便更容易管理。

 Transaction Script適用於業務邏輯相對簡單,不涉及物件之間複雜交互的情境。

優點

  1. 簡單,對大多數開發者都可用理解
  2. 一個事務的處理,不會影響到其他的事務

缺點

當業務邏輯複雜時,系統每增加一個業務流程,程式碼就會增加一個或幾個方法,最後業務類別中存在大量相似的程式碼(重用性不強,難以維護)

以下的例子是以一個銀行轉帳的情境用BankTranferScript類別來表示出銀行轉帳交易腳本。

using System;

// Transaction Script for handling a bank transfer
public class BankTransferScript
{
    private int sourceAccountId;
    private int targetAccountId;
    private decimal amount;

    // Constructor to initialize input parameters
    public BankTransferScript(int sourceAccountId, int targetAccountId, decimal amount)
    {
        this.sourceAccountId = sourceAccountId;
        this.targetAccountId = targetAccountId;
        this.amount = amount;
    }

    // Method to process the bank transfer
    public void ProcessTransfer()
    {
        // Check if the source account has sufficient balance
        decimal sourceBalance = GetAccountBalance(sourceAccountId);
        if (sourceBalance >= amount)
        {
            // Deduct amount from the source account
            UpdateAccountBalance(sourceAccountId, sourceBalance - amount);

            // Add amount to the target account
            decimal targetBalance = GetAccountBalance(targetAccountId);
            UpdateAccountBalance(targetAccountId, targetBalance + amount);

            Console.WriteLine($"Transfer successful: ${amount} transferred from Account {sourceAccountId} to Account {targetAccountId}");
        }
        else
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Transfer failed: Insufficient balance in the source account.");
        }
    }

    // Method to retrieve account balance (not implemented in this example)
    private decimal GetAccountBalance(int accountId)
    {
        // Placeholder for retrieving account balance from a database or other source
        // (Not implemented in this example)
        return 1000; // Default balance for the sake of the example
    }

    // Method to update account balance (not implemented in this example)
    private void UpdateAccountBalance(int accountId, decimal newBalance)
    {
        // Placeholder for updating account balance in a database or other source
        // (Not implemented in this example)
        Console.WriteLine($"Account {accountId} balance updated to ${newBalance}");
    }
}

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        // Example usage of the BankTransferScript
        BankTransferScript transferScript = new BankTransferScript(sourceAccountId: 1, targetAccountId: 2, amount: 500);
        transferScript.ProcessTransfer();
    }
}

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